En los últimos años, el matrimonio en Colombia ha experimentado una notable disminución, un fenómeno que se ha acentuado en 2024. Según datos proporcionados por la Superintendencia de Notariado y Registro, este año solo se celebraron 52,348 matrimonios, lo que representa una caída del 20% en comparación con los 69,456 matrimonios registrados en 2023. Esta tendencia refleja un cambio significativo en las costumbres y actitudes de los colombianos hacia la institución del matrimonio.
La superintendente delegada para el Notariado, Isabel Hernández, destacó que esta reducción en el número de matrimonios no es un fenómeno aislado, sino que responde a un cambio cultural más amplio. “Cada vez más colombianos prefieren formas de convivencia menos formales y más adaptadas a las dinámicas actuales, lo que se refleja en el creciente rechazo al matrimonio tradicional”, comentó Hernández. En este contexto, las generaciones más jóvenes parecen estar cada vez menos interesadas en formalizar sus relaciones a través del matrimonio, priorizando otras formas de convivencia.
El fenómeno se alinea con tendencias globales en las que el matrimonio pierde su valor como la principal forma de unión de pareja, y es reemplazado por relaciones no institucionalizadas o por convivencias que no requieren la formalidad legal.
¿Dónde se celebran más matrimonios en Colombia?
Aunque la tendencia a la baja afecta al país en general, algunas regiones siguen mostrando una mayor tasa de matrimonios. Según las estadísticas del 2024, las áreas con mayor número de matrimonios son:
- Bogotá: 3,892 matrimonios
- Valle del Cauca: 3,559 matrimonios
- Antioquia: 2,626 matrimonios
Estas regiones son las que concentran la mayor parte de las uniones, lo que podría deberse a factores socioeconómicos, culturales y generacionales. La urbanización, la influencia de valores más liberales en las grandes ciudades y la diversidad de opciones de convivencia son algunas de las razones que explican este fenómeno.
Los divorcios: una tendencia real
En contraste con la disminución de los matrimonios, el número de divorcios sigue siendo elevado. Hasta el 15 de diciembre de 2024, se han registrado 20,769 divorcios en Colombia, una cifra que, aunque menor que los 25,427 divorcios reportados en 2023, sigue siendo preocupantemente alta. Este dato pone en evidencia que, a pesar de la caída en los matrimonios, las tensiones en las relaciones conyugales continúan siendo un reto para muchas parejas.
La pregunta que surge con este dato es: ¿por qué cuatro de cada diez matrimonios que se formalizan terminan en divorcio? La Superintendencia de Notariado y Registro sugiere que esto indica una falta de preparación en las parejas para enfrentar las dificultades inherentes a la convivencia a largo plazo. El manejo de conflictos, la falta de educación en relaciones de pareja y una visión más flexible sobre el compromiso son algunos de los factores que podrían estar incidiendo en este fenómeno.
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